The production of items follows a general production life cycle. The life cycle is the actual steps that are completed to manufacture an item. It begins with the creation of the production order and ends with a finished, manufactured item that is ready for the customer. Each step in the life cycle requires different kinds of information in order to complete the process. When each step is completed, the production order reflects this by changing its production status.
The module in Microsoft Dynamics AX is linked to other modules, including , and . This integration supports the information flow that is needed to complete the manufacturing of a finished item.
Overview of the production life cycle
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- You can create a product order manually, or you can create one automatically from a sales order or master planning schedule.
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- You can calculate material and (labor) route consumption estimates, and you can create inventory transactions, which are issue transactions for raw materials with the status and receipt transactions for the BOM that is being created with the status . You can also create purchase orders and subproductions for the production order. Items are reserved and the price of the finished goods is calculated, based on parameter settings.
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Schedule- You can schedule production based on operations, individual jobs, or both.
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- This scheduling method provides a rough, long-term plan. By using this method, you can assign start and end dates to production orders. If the production orders are attached to route operations, you can assign them to cost center groups.
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- This scheduling method provides a detailed plan. Each operation is broken down into individual jobs with specific dates, times, and assigned work centers. If finite capacity is used, jobs are assigned to work centers based on availability. You can view and change the schedule in a Gantt chart.
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- You can release the production order when the schedule is finalized. You can also print production order documents such as the job card, route card, and route job. When the production order is released, the status of the order changes to indicate that the production can begin.
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- Once a production order is started, you can post costs against the order. Estimated material and route costs can automatically be allocated to the order when it is started. This allocation is known as "preflushing" or "autoconsumption." You can manually allocate material to the order by creating picking list journals. You can also manually allocate labor and other route costs to the order; if you are using operations scheduling, you can allocate these costs by creating a route card journal, and if you are using job scheduling, you can allocate these costs by creating a job card journal.
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- When a production order is reported as finished, the quantity of the finished goods completed is updated in the Inventory module. If you are using work-in-process (WIP) accounting, a ledger journal is made to reduce the WIP accounts and increase the inventory of the finished goods, using the standard cost from the item form. When the cost of a production order is calculated, the actual cost of the production is posted, and the posting that occurs during reporting-as-finished is reversed. If the material and labor costs that are associated with production are not already allocated in a journal or by preflushing, they can be automatically allocated by back flushing, which involves the post-deducting of inventory transaction processes. If the production order is complete, select the field to change the remaining status to . Otherwise, it is left open to report additional quantities produced.
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- Before ending production, actual costs are calculated for the quantity that was produced. All estimated costs of material, labor, and overhead are reversed and replaced with actual costs. If you select the check box when you run the cost calculation, the production order status changes to . This status prevents any additional costs from being inadvertently posted to a completed production order.